Care of a patient with heat stroke combined with multi-organ failure treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation combined with continuous renal replacement therapy

Abstract

Introduction Heat stroke (HS) can cause many complications, including acute kidney injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. To date, the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) combined with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in the treatment of patients with HS and multiple organ failure has not been studied. We describe a patient with HS who was treated for the first time with ECMO combined with CRRT. This case report aims to contribute insights into the clinical management of heat -related illness by disseminating information pertaining to the treatment processes.

Case outline A 34-year-old male patient with HS and multiple organ dysfunction was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for emergency symptomatic treatment. The comprehensive diagnosis encompassed HS, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, electrolyte imbalance and hypoalbuminemia. The patient’s vital signs, including heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation, were monitored, and ECMO and CRRT life-support therapies were rapidly applied. The patient was successfully weaned off ECMO, CRRT, and mechanical ventilation, and showed stable vital signs; thereafter, he was transferred out of the ICU.

Conclusion This case demonstrates that prompt symptomatic treatment and early ECMO combined with CRRT can effectively treat patients with severe HS. Additionally, it is crucial for healthcare professionals to be vigilant in detecting changes in the patient’s vital signs and to collaborate effectively in administering the necessary treatments.

Keywords: heat stroke; acute respiratory distress syndrome; extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; continuous renal replacement therapy; nursing care