Perioperative outcomes of laparoscopic and open retropubic radical prostatectomy

Abstract

Introduction/Objective Radical prostatectomy (RP) is a treatment option with high curative potential in patients with prostate cancer of moderate-risk. The aim of the study is to assess perioperative results of laparoscopic RP (LRP) and open retropubic RP (ORRP).

Methods From 2016 to 2020, a total of 244 patients undergone RP, as follow: 145 patients LRP and 99 patients ORRP. Demographic data, preoperative parameters, perioperative and pathological outcomes were analyzed and compared among LRP and ORRP groups.

Results In regard to demographic data and preoperative parameters (BMI, mean age, median pretreatment prostate-specific antigen, clinical stage and Gleason score from biopsy), there are no differences between the observed groups. Patients from ORRP group had significantly shorter operative time (p < 0.05). Patients from LRP group had major advantages in regard to estimated blood loss (EBL) (550 ml for LRP vs. 1450 ml for ORRP), hospitalization time (six days for LRP vs. nine days for ORRP), catheter removal (6.5 days for LRP vs. 12 days for ORRP), overall complication rates (29% for LRP vs. 48.4% for ORRP) and blood transfusion rates (22.7% for LRP and 37.4% for ORRP).

Conclusion Both LRP and ORRP provide favorable operative results in terms of efficacy, safety and oncologic outcome. However, patients undergoing LRP were more likely to have less EBL, shorter length of hospital stay, earlier catheter removal and lower rates of overall perioperative complications.

Keywords: prostate cancer; laparoscopic radical prostatectomy; open retropubic radical prostatectomy